pixel,
a biography

I have billions of pixels in my cellphone, and you probably do too. But what is a pixel? Why do so many people think that pixels are little abutting squares?

The world is made of pixels

dinausor-game-background dinausor
Chapter 01
Not what you think

[01] From wave to pixels

Not what you think

When we hear “pixel”,
most of us picture this:

space invader

But those tiny squares, are a myth.

[01] From wave to pixels

What is a pixel, really?

It’s where digital instructions become visible, where code becomes color.

Each pixel is defined by its position and color value:
A coordinate on the screen telling the display how to shine.

[01] From wave to pixels

A brief history

The story of pixels begins centuries ago with Joseph Fourier during the French Revolution — a pioneer who revealed how complex signals can be broken into simple waves.

Fast forward to the year 2000 — the turn of the millennium — which marked an uncelebrated event known as the Great Digital Convergence. At that moment, all old analogue media merged into one digital medium.

1790

Chapter 02
From wave to pixels
chapter two background

[02] From wave to pixels

Fourier

Born in Auxerre

Arrested during Revolution

Egypt with Napoleon

Exit in Grenoble

Fourier Series published

Fourier

didn’t just live through revolutions. He sparked one. With waves.

[02] From wave to pixels

Sound waves

sine wave
Chapter 03
Kotelnikov and the Digital Turn
chapter four background

[03] Kotelnikov and the Digital Turn

Meet Kotelnikov

Vladimir Kotelnikov, a Russian engineer and mathematician, built on Fourier’s wave theory…

… and made it digital.

Kotelnikov

[03] Kotelnikov and the Digital Turn

The sampling theorem

[03] Kotelnikov and the Digital Turn

The sampling theorem

We can ignore everything between the dots, and still not lose any information.

Each dot holds enough to rebuild the whole wave.

That's all we need.

[03] Kotelnikov and the Digital Turn

The building blocks

[03] Kotelnikov and the Digital Turn

The true pixel

This is the true pixel.
A tiny, invisible point.

No square,
No shape,
Just information.

[03] Kotelnikov and the Digital Turn

The true pixel

Mona Lisa

We never see the real pixels.We see their illusion, shaped by screens, grids, and graphics.

But underneath, it’s just math, light, and imagination.

Chapter 04
Pixels take over the world
chapter four background

[04] Pixel take over the world

Baby

[04] Pixel take over the world

Moore's Law

1965
1980
1990
2025

[04] Pixels take over the world

Today

From cellphone photos to VR and video games, pixels are the foundation of modern digital visuals. As the article puts it,

What had been ink and paper, photographs, movies, and television became, in a blink, just pixels.

2025